What condition is characterized by a lateral curvature of the spine?

Scoliosis is characterized by a lateral curvature of the spine, which can occur in an "S" or "C" shape as viewed from the back. This condition affects the alignment of the vertebrae and may result in uneven shoulders, a prominent rib cage, or other asymmetrical physical features. Scoliosis can develop in childhood or adolescence and may require monitoring or treatment depending on the severity of the curvature.

In contrast, kyphosis refers to an exaggerated forward rounding of the back, commonly seen in older adults, and lordosis is characterized by an exaggerated inward curvature of the lower back. A herniated disc involves the displacement of intervertebral disc material, which can lead to pain and neurological symptoms, but it does not inherently involve a lateral curvature of the spine. Thus, scoliosis is the primary condition associated with lateral spinal curvature.