Which of the following pairs includes a muscle and its correct innervation?

The choice identifying the iliocostalis muscle and its innervation by the lower cervical and thoracic spinal nerves is correct because the iliocostalis is part of the erector spinae muscle group, which primarily derives its innervation from the dorsal rami of the spinal nerves in the thoracic and upper lumbar regions. The innervation ensures that the muscle functions correctly in maintaining posture and facilitating movements of the spine.

The iliocostalis muscle, specifically, contributes to the extension, lateral flexion, and rotation of the vertebral column, activities that are closely linked to the respective spinal nerves' innervation levels. The alignment of the innervation with the specific muscle's function reinforces the accuracy of this pairing.