Which spinal condition involves a lateral curvature of the spine?

Scoliosis is characterized by a lateral curvature of the spine, which can occur in an "S" or "C" shape when viewed from behind. This condition usually emerges during the growth spurts just before puberty, although it can also be congenital or caused by neuromuscular conditions. The exact cause of scoliosis can be idiopathic, meaning that it is not always possible to determine why it occurs. Early detection and monitoring are crucial for managing the progression of scoliosis, as severe cases may require braces or even surgical interventions to correct the curvature and prevent complications.

Other spinal conditions, like kyphosis, lordosis, and spondylolisthesis, involve different types of spinal alignment issues. Kyphosis refers to an excessive forward rounding of the thoracic spine, lordosis is characterized by an excessive inward curve of the lumbar region, and spondylolisthesis involves one vertebra slipping forward over another. Each of these conditions presents its own unique challenges and does not involve the lateral curvature typical of scoliosis.