Which spinal nerves innervate the middle scalene muscle?

The middle scalene muscle is primarily innervated by the spinal nerves from C4 to C6. This muscle plays a crucial role in the movement of the neck and assists with respiration by elevating the first rib. The cervical plexus, formed by the anterior rami of cervical nerves C1 to C4, contributes to the innervation of the scalene muscles. While the middle scalene receives fibers predominantly from C4 to C6, it is often understood that variations in innervation may occur, leading some sources to mention a broader range, including C3 and C8.

Understanding that the middle scalene is a cervical muscle helps clarify its innervation pattern, aligning with the general characteristics of neck muscles and their corresponding nerve roots. Therefore, the more comprehensive choice reflects the expected pathways of innervation for this muscle.